Carburetor



A. M. SMITH CARBURETOR Jan. 11 1927'.

, Filed July 18, 1919 B'EsT A'V'mLABLc Patented Jan. 11, 1927.

-. U N I T fSf ES ARTHUR :msmrrn, or CLEVELAND, 01110;;

CARBURETQR.

Application filed: July, 18, 1919. Serial No. 311,755.

The present invention relates to carburetors.

Theobject of the invention isto provide a carburetor sov constructed andorganized;

as to produce a thoroughly vaporized mixture of fluid fuel and air.

A further obj ectisit'o providea carburetor which will efliciently'take care of theheavier fuel oil's,,,among which may be mentioned H kerosene as well asthe poorer grades of gasoline.

A further object is to providea carburetor in which the supply of-fuel mixture is'presented to the manifold of the engine under :3? pressure which is substantially constantwithaportions in section of a carburetor;,

Fig: 2 isa section uponthe line 2'2'-of Fig.

1; Fig. 3 is a section upon theline 3-3 of l. Referring tothe drawings, 1 indicates a motorwhiclris mounted= upon a su? table C215":

ing represented at 2. This casing has an inner chamber indicated at 3. .TlllS chamber 3 communnicates with the interior of an extension 1 WhlCll'lS carried by the casing; 2., Therelationship between: the chamber 3- and.

the interior of the-.membera is such that air entering through the member at enters the chamber 3 in a tangential projection, thereby causing the air to swirl through the chain-- ber3 and: be mixed with the fuel'in a manner whichjwi-ll be later described.

The member 4 has-: associated hereWJth a butterfly valve 5. which maybe positioned.

to regulate the quantity-of air which may pass through the interiorof themember 4 At substantially the central portion of the chamber 3 there is an opening 6 which leads1toafllower chamber 7 which is formed in the member 2. The chamber 7 is in part formed in the casing 2 and in part formed in the enclosure member 8 which is secured in the casing 2. The member 8 has an interior chamber portion 9 which communicates with the chamber 7.

The member 8 also has a wall 10 which is provided with an opening 11 and above the opening 11 there is placed a hollow screen member 12 so that all mixtures of air and. fuel passing, fromthe chamber 9 must pass through the screen member 12. Below the wall 10 of the member 8 there extendsa. tubular portion-13 which may be PATENT. erric for-med in. any suitable fashion so as tobe,

connected with the intake manifold of an internal combustion engine.

Themotor l isprovided-"with' a shaft1 the shaft extending throughthe chamber and through the opening ('5. v The shaft atits lower end carries a fan 14. This fanJmay be provided'with any desired number of blades and the conformation ofmthechamber 7 is such that the fan occupiesa substantial portion of the chamber and the diameter of the fan is but little less than the diameter of the chamber 7.

In. the casing 2 an opening15 is formed by drilling or otherwise (see Fig. 2), this opening communicating with the opening through the member 4.. The casing, is pref-- erably formed with a threaded nipple 16v adjacent-the opening lotowhich nipple may be secured a suitable pipe or conduit whiclr in turn isconnected with asource ofliquid: fuel. 5 I

In operation. when the motor is started, it creates a certain amountof suction in the chamber 3 which induces air to flow through the. member 4. and also induces the. passage of fuel through the condu1t15- toinix with the air as it passesfrom theinterior oft-he member 4b to the chamber 3.

As the air and fuel: meet. each-I other they are carried into the chamberii in a substantially tangential direction with respect to the walls of. the chamber 3, thereby producinga whirling action which assists in mixing the air and the fuel.

From the chamber 3 the mixed air and fuel pass to the chamber 7 where they come in contact with the revolving fan blades. Thiscauses a very thorough mixingofthe air and fuel, and furthermore, any particles oiyglobules of fuel areentirely broken up thereby securing a very thorough mixture as well as a thoroughly atomized mixture.

The air and fuel next pass to the chamber 9 and from the chamber '9 to the screen member 12 and thus to the manifold. The screen member 12 takes out any foreign substances which'may be mixed with the air and fuel so that the mixture which passes through the screen 12 is in proper condition to pass to the internal combustion engine.

The mixture of air and fuel is delivered S LA LECQ to the chamber 9 under a certain amount of pressure which is induced by the fan and obviously the amount of pressure is a function of the speed of the fan. 7

Thus it will be seen that I may so operate the fan as to supply the fuel mixture to the engine under a positive pressure and not depend upon the suction of the engine, to induce the passage of fuel to the engine.

The construction which has just been decribed is entirely suitable for the purpose of making an effectively vaporized mixture of air and fuel but where the fuel may consist of the so called heavier oils, it is proposed to make sure of their vaporization by'providing that the mixture of air and fluid fuel shall be heated thereby to assist in obtaining a thorough vaporization of the fuel. 7

For this purpose I provide a heating element such as indicated at 18 in Fig. 1. This heating element may consist of-a coil of resistance wire such as indicatedat 19 in Fig. 3, which coil is suitably imbedded in a non conducting body such as indicated at 20, 1t will be noted that this heating element 18 lies between the chamber 3 and the chamber 7 so that the mixture of air and fuel is heated in the chamber 3 and also in its passage through the opening 6 and in the chamber 7. In fact, as the mixture of fuel and air proceeds through the chamber 3 and to the chamber 7 the mixture becomes quite thoroughly heated and it will be apparent the degree of heat which is applied to the resistance coil 18 may be controlled so as to supply as much heat as may be required for the character of fuel which is being used.

The provisionof a heating element such as described has a further use and advantage in that the mixture of air and fuel may be heated to a proper degree before introduction into the internal combustion engine with which it is used. This is particularly advantageous in cold weather.

As will be apparent the motor may be operatedv at different speeds thereby to control the degree of pressure exerted on the atomized fuel and air passing from the carburetor, and additionally the speed of the motor may be controlled to correspond with the variation and speed of the internal combustion engine with which it used.

The motor may also have a connection which will permit its independent operation mixture underproper pressure which may said chambers, a pressure creating device nicates with the said chamber in a substam so that the carburetor motor can be operated i before the engine is started, thereby insuring a properly vaporized and heated fuel be supplied to the engine at the time it is started.

In Fig. 1 a pipe 21 is shown as connected with the interior passageway through the member 4, This pipe 21 ma 1 be connected with the radiator for the com ustion engine or some other suitable portion of the water circulating system thereby to admit a certain amount of moist air or steamalong with the air which is taken into the carburetor. i r

I have also shown in Fig. 1 a pipe 22 which connects the chamber 3 with the chamber 9. This bypass connection iscon trolled by a valve 23. This valve maybe controlled by the pressure in chamber 9, bfi'm ing operated to open the connectionthrough the byp- :s 22 when the pressure in thecham her i) exceeds that in the chamber 3.

Having described my inventioml claiiw 1. A carburetor comprising a body-member provided with a chamber havinga central opening, an air inlet opening which commu nicatcs with the said chamber in a substantially tangential. direction, a fuel inlet which communicates with the air inlet opening, a second chamber which communicates with the central opening from the first chamber a heating member associated with both the located in the second chamber and means for positively driving said device, the said second chamber being provided withan out let. I i

2. A carburetor comprising a casing, chamber in said casing having a central out let and air inlet to the casing which comma.

tially tangential direction, a fuel inlet in .th casing which communicates with the air-inn let adjacent the said chamber, a' second chamber in the casing which.communicatcn with the outlet of the first mentioned chain. her, a fan located in the second chamben mt motor mounted upon the said casing, a tor shaft which extends through the casing and supports the said fan, the saith? second chamber provided with an outlet. -24 In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature. 7

ARTHUR M. SMITH. 

